Limitations: The study was not blinded; however, disease progression was assessed by an independent review committee (IRC) in a blinded manner to ensure the accuracy of the data. Overall survival (OS) data are not yet mature and require further follow-up. Additionally, combination treatment strategies based on EGFR ADCs, such as the role of MRG003 combined with immunotherapy in the second-line treatment of recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, as well as the application of MRG003 in other head and neck tumors, are currently under further investigation.