Compared to the NC group, the protein expression of PGC-1α and AMPK, as well as the phosphorylation level of AMPK, were significantly decreased in the DC group (P<0.001, P<0.01), while the protein expression of MSTN was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared to the DC group, the protein expression of PGC-1α and the phosphorylation level of AMPK were significantly increased in both the MICT group and the HIIT group (P<0.01, P<0.001), while the protein expression of MSTN was significantly decreased (P<0.001). The protein expression of AMPK did not change significantly in the MICT group but was significantly increased in the HIIT group (P<0.001). Compared to the MICT group, the protein expression of PGC-1α and AMPK, as well as the phosphorylation level of AMPK, were significantly increased in the HIIT group (P<0.01, P<0.05), while the protein expression of MSTN did not change significantly.
Research Conclusions:
- High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) can effectively alleviate glucose metabolism abnormalities in T2DM mice, as evidenced by improvements in body weight, blood glucose levels, and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism function, as well as enhanced mitochondrial quality in skeletal muscle. Additionally, HIIT exhibits superior intervention effects on mitochondrial quality control compared to MICT.
- Both high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) improve T2DM skeletal muscle glucose metabolism disorders by inhibiting MSTN expression in skeletal muscle and activating the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling axis, thereby enhancing mitochondrial quality control.
