COPD肠道菌群失衡机制：2025微生物-炎症轴研究突破

In the NC group, the abundances of Escherichia-Shigella, Veillonella, unclassified Tannerellaceae, Fournierella, and UCG-009 were significantly higher than in the MC group (P < 0.05). Escherichia-Shigella includes several potentially pathogenic strains and is considered a conditional pathogen. An increase in its abundance may elevate the risk of intestinal inflammation. Excessive proliferation can lead to an increased production of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS), which can disrupt the intestinal barrier and translocate into the bloodstream, triggering systemic inflammatory responses. Additionally, it can competitively inhibit the growth of beneficial bacteria, disrupting the microbiota balance. In this study, the enrichment of Escherichia-Shigella in COPD patients may serve as a microbial basis for their persistent systemic inflammatory state. Veillonella is a common oral pharyngeal bacterium, and its enrichment in the gut may be related to the translocation of oral-gut microbiota. COPD patients often have oral microbiota dysbiosis, which can be carried into the gut through swallowing or other means. The baseline differences in these bacterial genera further confirm the individual heterogeneity of the gut microbiota in stable COPD patients with deficiency syndrome. This also suggests that even within the same disease and syndrome type, there can be variations due to individual differences, disease duration, or medication history. The subtle imbalances in gut microbiota also differ, providing a theoretical basis for personalized interventions using traditional Chinese medicine.