T2DM运动干预代谢机制：基于双数据集基因分析揭示MSTN核心作用

A total of 81 differentially expressed genes (34 upregulated, 47 downregulated) were identified from the GSE205891 dataset, and 100 differentially expressed genes (41 upregulated, 59 downregulated) were identified from the GSE230002 dataset. Among these, 26 genes were significantly differentially expressed in both datasets, suggesting that these genes may play a central role in the metabolic improvement of T2DM through exercise. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on the intersecting genes. The GO enrichment analysis revealed significant biological processes including skeletal muscle tissue development, cytokine response, and insulin response; cellular components were primarily enriched in myofibrils and contractile myofibers; molecular functions mainly involved growth factor binding and cytokine activity. Notably, the KEGG pathway analysis showed significant enrichment of the AMPK signaling pathway. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed for the intersecting genes, and 10 hub genes, including MYH1, MYH4, and MSTN, were identified. MSTN, located at the core node of the PPI network, exhibited significant interactions with metabolic regulatory genes such as ACTN3 and LEP. MSTN, a common myokine, has received considerable attention in the context of exercise intervention for T2DM and is considered an important indicator for subsequent research.