Differential analysis of the raw counts matrix was performed using the DESeq2 package, following the standard workflow. The raw counts matrix was normalized using the VST (Variance Stabilizing Transformations) method. The differential analysis results were visualized using the R package "ggplot2," with a log(Fold change) threshold of 1 and a P-value threshold of 0.05. Enrichment analysis for GSE60861 was conducted using DAVID (PMID: 35325185) and KOBAS (PMID: 34086934).