The highest drug concentration of Triptolide that does not affect the viability of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7 is 0.5 μM, and this concentration was used as the optimal drug concentration for subsequent experiments. Compared with the control group, the H2O2 group showed increased cellular senescence, elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, decreased ATP levels, increased mitochondrial superoxide content, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (all P < 0.05). Compared with the H2O2 + DMSO group, the H2O2 + Triptolide group exhibited reduced cellular senescence, decreased intracellular ROS levels, increased ATP levels, decreased mitochondrial superoxide content, and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential (all P < 0.05).